LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D.java

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2018 Alberto Irurueta Carro (alberto@irurueta.com)
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package com.irurueta.navigation.indoor.radiosource;

import com.irurueta.geometry.Point2D;
import com.irurueta.navigation.LockedException;
import com.irurueta.navigation.NotReadyException;
import com.irurueta.navigation.indoor.RadioSource;
import com.irurueta.navigation.indoor.RangingReadingLocated;
import com.irurueta.numerical.robust.LMedSRobustEstimator;
import com.irurueta.numerical.robust.LMedSRobustEstimatorListener;
import com.irurueta.numerical.robust.RobustEstimator;
import com.irurueta.numerical.robust.RobustEstimatorException;
import com.irurueta.numerical.robust.RobustEstimatorMethod;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Robustly estimated 2D position of a radio source (e.g. Wi-Fi
 * access point or bluetooth beacon), by discarding outliers using LMedS
 * algorithm.
 *
 * @param <S> a {@link RadioSource} type.
 */
public class LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D<S extends RadioSource> extends
        RobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D<S> {

    /**
     * Default value to be used for stop threshold. Stop threshold can be used to
     * avoid keeping the algorithm unnecessarily iterating in case that best
     * estimated threshold using median of residuals is not small enough. Once a
     * solution is found that generates a threshold below this value, the
     * algorithm will stop.
     * The stop threshold can be used to prevent the LMedS algorithm iterating
     * too many times in cases where samples have a very similar accuracy.
     * For instance, in cases where proportion of outliers is very small (close
     * to 0%), and samples are very accurate (i.e. 1e-6), the algorithm would
     * iterate for a long time trying to find the best solution when indeed
     * there is no need to do that if a reasonable threshold has already been
     * reached.
     * Because of this behaviour the stop threshold can be set to a value much
     * lower than the one typically used in RANSAC, and yet the algorithm could
     * still produce even smaller thresholds in estimated results.
     */
    public static final double DEFAULT_STOP_THRESHOLD = 1e-4;

    /**
     * Minimum allowed stop threshold value.
     */
    public static final double MIN_STOP_THRESHOLD = 0.0;

    /**
     * Threshold to be used to keep the algorithm iterating in case that best
     * estimated threshold using median of residuals is not small enough. Once
     * a solution is found that generates a threshold below this value, the
     * algorithm will stop.
     * The stop threshold can be used to prevent the LMedS algorithm iterating
     * too many times in cases where samples have a very similar accuracy.
     * For instance, in cases where proportion of outliers is very small (close
     * to 0%), and samples are very accurate (i.e. 1e-6), the algorithm would
     * iterate for a long time trying to find the best solution when indeed
     * there is no need to do that if a reasonable threshold has already been
     * reached.
     * Because of this behaviour the stop threshold can be set to a value much
     * lower than the one typically used in RANSAC, and yet the algorithm could
     * still produce even smaller thresholds in estimated results.
     */
    private double stopThreshold = DEFAULT_STOP_THRESHOLD;

    /**
     * Constructor.
     */
    public LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D() {
        super();
    }

    /**
     * Constructor.
     * Sets radio signal ranging readings belonging to the same radio source.
     *
     * @param readings radio signal ranging readings belonging to the same
     *                 radio source.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if readings are not valid.
     */
    public LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D(final List<? extends RangingReadingLocated<S, Point2D>> readings) {
        super(readings);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * @param listener listener in charge of attending events raised by this instance.
     */
    public LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D(
            final RobustRangingRadioSourceEstimatorListener<S, Point2D> listener) {
        super(listener);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor.
     * Sets radio signal readings belonging to the same radio source.
     *
     * @param readings radio signal readings belonging to the same radio source.
     * @param listener listener in charge of attending events raised by this instance.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if readings are not valid.
     */
    public LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D(
            final List<? extends RangingReadingLocated<S, Point2D>> readings,
            final RobustRangingRadioSourceEstimatorListener<S, Point2D> listener) {
        super(readings, listener);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * @param initialPosition initial position to start the estimation or radio
     *                        source position.
     */
    public LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D(final Point2D initialPosition) {
        super(initialPosition);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor.
     * Sets radio signal readings belonging to the same radio source.
     *
     * @param readings        radio signal readings belonging to the same radio source.
     * @param initialPosition initial position to start the estimation of radio
     *                        source position.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if readings are not valid.
     */
    public LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D(
            final List<? extends RangingReadingLocated<S, Point2D>> readings, final Point2D initialPosition) {
        super(readings, initialPosition);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * @param initialPosition initial position to start the estimation of radio
     *                        source position.
     * @param listener        listener in charge of attending events raised by this instance.
     */
    public LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D(
            final Point2D initialPosition, final RobustRangingRadioSourceEstimatorListener<S, Point2D> listener) {
        super(initialPosition, listener);
    }

    /**
     * Constructor.
     * Sets radio signal ranging readings belonging to the same radio source.
     *
     * @param readings        radio signal ranging readings belonging to the same radio source.
     * @param initialPosition initial position to start the estimation of radio source
     *                        position.
     * @param listener        listener in charge of attending events raised by this instance.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if readings are not valid.
     */
    public LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D(
            final List<? extends RangingReadingLocated<S, Point2D>> readings, final Point2D initialPosition,
            final RobustRangingRadioSourceEstimatorListener<S, Point2D> listener) {
        super(readings, initialPosition, listener);
    }

    /**
     * Returns threshold to be used to keep the algorithm iterating in case that
     * best estimated threshold using median of residuals is not small enough.
     * Once a solution is found that generates a threshold below this value, the
     * algorithm will stop.
     * The stop threshold can be used to prevent the LMedS algorithm to iterate
     * too many times in cases where samples have a very similar accuracy.
     * For instance, in cases where proportion of outliers is very small (close
     * to 0%), and samples are very accurate (i.e. 1e-6), the algorithm would
     * iterate for a long time trying to find the best solution when indeed
     * there is no need to do that if a reasonable threshold has already been
     * reached.
     * Because of this behaviour the stop threshold can be set to a value much
     * lower than the one typically used in RANSAC, and yet the algorithm could
     * still produce even smaller thresholds in estimated results.
     *
     * @return stop threshold to stop the algorithm prematurely when a certain
     * accuracy has been reached.
     */
    public double getStopThreshold() {
        return stopThreshold;
    }

    /**
     * Sets threshold to be used to keep the algorithm iterating in case that
     * best estimated threshold using median of residuals is not small enough.
     * Once a solution is found that generates a threshold below this value,
     * the algorithm will stop.
     * The stop threshold can be used to prevent the LMedS algorithm to iterate
     * too many times in cases where samples have a very similar accuracy.
     * For instance, in cases where proportion of outliers is very small (close
     * to 0%), and samples are very accurate (i.e. 1e-6), the algorithm would
     * iterate for a long time trying to find the best solution when indeed
     * there is no need to do that if a reasonable threshold has already been
     * reached.
     * Because of this behaviour the stop threshold can be set to a value much
     * lower than the one typically used in RANSAC, and yet the algorithm could
     * still produce even smaller thresholds in estimated results.
     *
     * @param stopThreshold stop threshold to stop the algorithm prematurely
     *                      when a certain accuracy has been reached.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if provided value is zero or negative.
     * @throws LockedException          if this solver is locked.
     */
    public void setStopThreshold(final double stopThreshold) throws LockedException {
        if (isLocked()) {
            throw new LockedException();
        }
        if (stopThreshold <= MIN_STOP_THRESHOLD) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }

        this.stopThreshold = stopThreshold;
    }

    /**
     * Robustly estimates position for a radio source.
     *
     * @throws LockedException          if instance is busy during estimation.
     * @throws NotReadyException        if estimator is not ready.
     * @throws RobustEstimatorException if estimation fails for any reason
     *                                  (i.e. numerical instability, no solution available, etc).
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("DuplicatedCode")
    @Override
    public void estimate() throws LockedException, NotReadyException, RobustEstimatorException {
        if (isLocked()) {
            throw new LockedException();
        }
        if (!isReady()) {
            throw new NotReadyException();
        }

        final var innerEstimator = new LMedSRobustEstimator<>(new LMedSRobustEstimatorListener<Solution<Point2D>>() {
            @Override
            public int getTotalSamples() {
                return readings.size();
            }

            @Override
            public int getSubsetSize() {
                return Math.max(preliminarySubsetSize, getMinReadings());
            }

            @Override
            public void estimatePreliminarSolutions(
                    final int[] sampleIndices, final List<Solution<Point2D>> solutions) {
                solvePreliminarySolutions(sampleIndices, solutions);
            }

            @Override
            public double computeResidual(final Solution<Point2D> currentEstimation, final int i) {
                return residual(currentEstimation, i);
            }

            @Override
            public boolean isReady() {
                return LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D.this.isReady();
            }

            @Override
            public void onEstimateStart(final RobustEstimator<Solution<Point2D>> estimator) {
                // no action needed
            }

            @Override
            public void onEstimateEnd(final RobustEstimator<Solution<Point2D>> estimator) {
                // no action needed
            }

            @Override
            public void onEstimateNextIteration(
                    final RobustEstimator<Solution<Point2D>> estimator, final int iteration) {
                if (listener != null) {
                    listener.onEstimateNextIteration(
                            LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D.this, iteration);
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onEstimateProgressChange(
                    final RobustEstimator<Solution<Point2D>> estimator, final float progress) {
                if (listener != null) {
                    listener.onEstimateProgressChange(
                            LMedSRobustRangingRadioSourceEstimator2D.this, progress);
                }
            }
        });

        try {
            locked = true;

            if (listener != null) {
                listener.onEstimateStart(this);
            }

            inliersData = null;
            innerEstimator.setConfidence(confidence);
            innerEstimator.setMaxIterations(maxIterations);
            innerEstimator.setProgressDelta(progressDelta);
            final var result = innerEstimator.estimate();
            inliersData = innerEstimator.getInliersData();
            attemptRefine(result);

            if (listener != null) {
                listener.onEstimateEnd(this);
            }

        } catch (final com.irurueta.numerical.LockedException e) {
            throw new LockedException(e);
        } catch (final com.irurueta.numerical.NotReadyException e) {
            throw new NotReadyException(e);
        } finally {
            locked = false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns method being used for robust estimation.
     *
     * @return method being used for robust estimation.
     */
    @Override
    public RobustEstimatorMethod getMethod() {
        return RobustEstimatorMethod.LMEDS;
    }
}